{"id":10258,"date":"2023-12-29T14:57:45","date_gmt":"2023-12-29T14:57:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fitolympia.com\/?p=10258"},"modified":"2023-12-29T14:57:49","modified_gmt":"2023-12-29T14:57:49","slug":"what-is-oxytocin-the-hormone-of-labor-love-and-more","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fitolympia.com\/tr\/what-is-oxytocin-the-hormone-of-labor-love-and-more\/","title":{"rendered":"OKSITOSIN NEDIR? EMEK, A\u015eK VE DAHA FAZLASININ HORMONU"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n

Emek, A\u015fk ve Daha Fazlas\u0131n\u0131n Hormonu<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Oksitosin beyinde \u00fcretilen bir hormon ve kimyasal habercidir. Do\u011fum ve emzirmedeki kilit rol\u00fcyle bilinirken, oksitosin, ebeveyn-\u00e7ocuk ba\u011f\u0131 ve \u00e7ift (\u00e7ift) ba\u011flanmadaki rol\u00fc nedeniyle “a\u015fk hormonu” olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Oksitosin ayr\u0131ca ruh halini, cinsel uyar\u0131lmay\u0131 ve sosyal haf\u0131zay\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli duygusal, sosyal ve bili\u015fsel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde rol oynamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Oksitosin \u00dcretimi<\/h2>\n

Oksitosin \u00f6ncelikle beyin i\u00e7inde hipotalamus ad\u0131 verilen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir yap\u0131da bulunan sinir h\u00fccrelerinde \u00fcretilir. \u00dcretildikten sonra, oksitosin arka hipofiz bezine ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r ve saklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tetikleyiciler hipofiz bezinden kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131na oksitosinin sal\u0131nmas\u0131na neden olur. Kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, oksitosin de beyne geri sal\u0131n\u0131r – b\u00f6ylece daha da fazla oksitosin sal\u0131nabilir (buna pozitif geri bildirim mekanizmas\u0131 denir).<\/p>\n

Oksitosin Rolleri<\/h2>\n

Oksitosin v\u00fccutta bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 rol oynar. \u0130\u015fte en dikkat \u00e7ekenlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00f6zeti:<\/p>\n

Do\u011fum<\/h3>\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n

Hamilelik boyunca kan oksitosin seviyeleri yava\u015f yava\u015f artar. Daha sonra, do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda, rahim kas kas\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 uyarmak i\u00e7in anne kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ve beyne g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve s\u0131k oksitosin darbeleri sal\u0131n\u0131r. En b\u00fcy\u00fck oksitosin darbesi do\u011fumda sal\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Do\u011fum sonras\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kanamay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek (rahmi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclterek) ve annenin g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcn\u00fc bebekle cilt temas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0131s\u0131tmak i\u00e7in oksitosin darbeleri do\u011fumdan sonra da devam eder.<\/span>2<\/sup><\/p>\n

Do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda y\u00fcksek oksitosin seviyeleri de anne i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 olumlu psikolojik etkiye katk\u0131da bulunur. Bu efektlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/span>1<\/sup><\/p>\n

    \n
  • A\u011fr\u0131 ve kayg\u0131y\u0131 azaltmak<\/li>\n
  • Refah\u0131 art\u0131rma<\/li>\n
  • Bebekle etkile\u015fimi ve ba\u011flanmay\u0131 te\u015fvik etme<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Oksitosin do\u011fal bir hormon olsa da, do\u011fumu te\u015fvik etmek veya art\u0131rmak veya do\u011fum sonras\u0131 kanamay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek veya tedavi etmek i\u00e7in sentetik olarak (marka ad\u0131 Pitocin olan) uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n

    Emzirme<\/h3>\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n

    Bir bebek emzirirken, oksitosin sal\u0131n\u0131r ve s\u00fct\u00fcn annenin g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcndeki meme bezlerinden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 sal\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. S\u00fct hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 refleksini uyarman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, oksitosin hem\u015firelik s\u0131ras\u0131nda bir annenin stres ve kayg\u0131 seviyelerini azalt\u0131r. Oksitosin ayr\u0131ca bebe\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 olumlu anne duygular\u0131n\u0131 ve duygular\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik eder.<\/p>\n

    Daha da fazlas\u0131, bir 2020 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, g\u00fcnl\u00fck emziren anneler aras\u0131nda, emzirmeden sonra oksitosin seviyelerinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, olumlu (mutlu) yeti\u015fkin y\u00fcz ifadelerini tan\u0131ma yetene\u011finin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 buldu.<\/span>4<\/sup><\/p>\n

    Bu bulgunun daha fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ihtiyac\u0131 olsa da, oksitosin’in sosyal tan\u0131ma ve bili\u015fteki potansiyel ek rol\u00fcn\u00fc desteklemektedir.<\/p>\n

    Ebeveyn ve \u00c7ift Ba\u011flama<\/h3>\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n

    Oksitosin, ebeveyn-bebek ba\u011f\u0131nda ve ba\u011flanmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar s\u00fcrekli olarak etkile\u015fimli davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n (\u00f6rne\u011fin ebeveynlerin bebe\u011fine dokunmas\u0131, bakmas\u0131 veya bebe\u011fiyle oynamas\u0131) ebeveyn oksitosin sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131 ile ili\u015fkili olan sosyal senkronizasyonu te\u015fvik etti\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/span>5<\/sup><\/p>\n

    \u0130lgin\u00e7tir ki, bu ebeveyn oksitosin sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131, erken bak\u0131m davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ile birlikte, bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun oksitosin yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 \u015fekillendirdiyor.<\/span>6<\/sup>\u00a0Bu bulgu sadece oksitosinin karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ebeveynli\u011fin bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun beynini \u015fekillendirmek i\u00e7in ne kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu da vurgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Oksitosin ayr\u0131ca a\u015f\u0131k \u00e7iftler i\u00e7in ba\u011flanma ve ba\u011flanma hormonu gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir.<\/p>\n

    2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, romantik bir ili\u015fkinin bulu\u015fman\u0131n ilk a\u015famalar\u0131nda (\u00fc\u00e7 ay) bireyler, tek bireylere k\u0131yasla \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha y\u00fcksek oksitosin kan seviyelerine sahipti.<\/span>7<\/sup>\u00a0A\u015f\u0131klardaki y\u00fcksek oksitosin seviyeleri devam etti ve alt\u0131 ay sonra yeniden de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde azalma g\u00f6stermedi.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Tabii ki, oksitosin seviyeleri ili\u015fki ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmedi\u011finden, daha y\u00fcksek oksitosin seviyelerinin ger\u00e7ek ili\u015fkinin bir sonucu mu yoksa ki\u015finin bir yans\u0131mas\u0131 m\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemek zordur – belki de do\u011fal olarak daha y\u00fcksek oksitosin seviyelerine sahip insanlar\u0131n romantik bir ili\u015fki arama veya a\u015f\u0131k olma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n

    Bununla birlikte, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, oksitosinin bir \u00e7ocu\u011fa veya bir e\u015fe olan sevgi olsun, insan ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 etkiledi\u011fi fikrini daha da desteklemektedir.<\/p>\n

    Cinsel Tepki<\/h3>\n
    \"\"<\/figure>\n

    Bir ki\u015finin kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndaki oksitosin seviyelerinin partner fiziksel temas\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin sar\u0131lma ve masajlar), cinsel uyar\u0131lma ve hem erkeklerde hem de kad\u0131nlarda orgazm s\u0131ras\u0131nda y\u00fckseldi\u011fi bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/span>8<\/sup>\u00a0Bu artan seviyeler, oksitosinin partnerler aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerde hem romantik hem de cinsel olarak oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kilit rol\u00fc g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Bu bulguyu terap\u00f6tik bir potansiyele \u00e7evirmek i\u00e7in, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir 2014 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131, 29 sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 heteroseks\u00fcel \u00e7iftte intranazal olarak (burun yoluyla) verildi\u011finde oksitosinin cinsel yan\u0131t \u00fczerindeki etkilerini analiz etti.<\/span>9<\/sup><\/p>\n

    \u0130ntranazal oksitosinin seks sonras\u0131 orgazm ve ho\u015fnoz yo\u011funlu\u011funu art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmu\u015ftur. Buna ek olarak, erkekler seksten sonra daha y\u00fcksek cinsel tokluk seviyeleri bildirdi. Kad\u0131nlar kendilerini daha rahat hissettiklerini ve cinsel arzular\u0131n\u0131 partnerleriyle payla\u015fma konusunda daha iyi bir yete sahip oldu\u011funu bildirdiler.<\/p>\n

    Bununla birlikte, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fc ve genel bulgular ezici de\u011fildi. Oksitosinin cinsel davran\u0131\u015f ve yan\u0131ttaki rol\u00fcn\u00fc (ve olas\u0131 bir ila\u00e7 olarak g\u00fcvenlik ve etkinli\u011fi) daha iyi anlamak i\u00e7in daha fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Di\u011fer<\/h3>\n

    Yukar\u0131da belirtilen rollerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, oksitosin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerde bir oyuncu olabilir:<\/span>8<\/sup><\/p>\n

      \n
    • Artan duygusal empati<\/span>10<\/sup><\/li>\n
    • Ki\u015finin ki\u015fili\u011finin ve deneyimlere a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek<\/span>11<\/sup><\/li>\n
    • Ortaklar aras\u0131ndaki olumlu ileti\u015fimin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span>12<\/sup><\/li>\n
    • Hem erkeklerde hem de kad\u0131nlarda kad\u0131nlara kar\u015f\u0131 \u015fefkati art\u0131rmak\u00a0<\/span>13<\/sup><\/li>\n
    • Stresi azaltmak ve bir ki\u015finin refah duygusunu geli\u015ftirmek<\/span>14<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 ayr\u0131ca beyindeki oksitosin d\u00fczensizli\u011finin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakiler gibi baz\u0131 n\u00f6ropsikiyatrik durumlar\u0131n geli\u015fmesine katk\u0131da bulunabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir:<\/span>15<\/sup><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Otizm<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Yeme bozukluklar\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • \u015eizofreni<\/strong><\/li>\n
      • Anksiyete bozukluklar\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        Yukar\u0131daki bozukluklar i\u00e7in olas\u0131 bir tedavi olarak oksitosin \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar birikmektedir ve devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n

        \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Emek, A\u015fk ve Daha Fazlas\u0131n\u0131n Hormonu Oksitosin beyinde \u00fcretilen bir hormon ve kimyasal habercidir. Do\u011fum ve emzirmedeki kilit rol\u00fcyle bilinirken, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":10259,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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